Although President George W. Bush vetoed the popular bill, both the House and Senate overrode that veto with a two-thirds majority. The negotiations over the bill were made more delicate by the fact that Congress had agreed to omit earmarks. Traditionally such bills had enjoyed broad support when Members of Congress could include funding for specific projects in their states and districts; without those incentives, negotiations became more fraught.
In the committee approved S. The bill established a cap-and-trade program which placed quotas on greenhouse-gas emissions but allowed businesses to buy and sell unused shares of the emissions quota depending on their need.
Companies that cut emissions could then sell their reserve allowances at a profit to other companies which needed extra cushion to meet federal regulations. A later Republican filibuster prevented the bill from being considered in the full Senate. Boxer revisited the cap-and-trade bill in the next Congress when Democrats controlled the House, the Senate, and the presidency.
Operating on a tight deadline before a United Nations environmental summit in Copenhagen, and with Republicans boycotting the committee hearings, Boxer used a procedural maneuver to pass the bill out of committee without the votes of its Republican members. The bill was missing several details that Boxer hoped to fill in later, but the procedural move she used to push the bill out of committee angered Republicans, and it was not long before the effort ground to a halt.
Over the course of her Senate career, Boxer had several other notable legislative achievements. Boxer announced her decision not to run for re-election in January , but she made clear that she would remain politically active.
House of Representatives 29 November : The interview transcript is available online. New York: W. Norton, Louis Post-Dispatch : A4. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, : ch. View Record in the Biographical Directory of the U. Boxer, Barbara. New York: Hachette Books, Boxer, Barbara, et al.
New York: Perennial, Washington, D. House of Representatives. A Time to Run: A Novel. She defeated Bill Boerum R in the general election. She defeated William Steinmetz R in the general election. The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties.
Depending on the election or state, this may not represent all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer, and campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete.
For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law. Boxer won re-election to the U. Senate in Boxer endorsed Representative Howard Berman over primary opponent and fellow incumbent Brad Sherman in the District 30 congressional election. The Personal Gain Index U. Congress is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.
Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants. It consists of two different metrics:. Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets. Boxer ranked as the 41st most wealthy senator in Between and , the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate.
Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets. From , Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack , Boxer was a far-left Democrat as of July This was the same rating Boxer received in June The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.
According to the website GovTrack, Boxer missed of 7, roll call votes from February to September This amounts to 4 percent, which is worse than the median of 1. The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. She ranked 1st on the list of the highest paid Democratic senatorial staff salaries and ranked 1st overall of the highest paid senatorial staff salaries in Overall, California ranked 1st in average salary for senatorial staff.
The average U. Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress. Boxer ranked 16th in the liberal rankings among U. Boxer ranked 10th in the liberal rankings among U. Boxer ranked 5th in the liberal rankings among U.
The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus. Boxer voted with the Democratic Party Delegate to the DNC click to expand. Boxer was a superdelegate to the Democratic National Convention from California.
Boxer supported Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination. Superdelegates in were automatic delegates to the Democratic National Convention, meaning that, unlike regular delegates, they were not elected to this position. Also unlike regular delegates, they were not required to pledge their support to any presidential candidate, and they were not bound by the results of their state's presidential primary election or caucus.
In , superdelegates included members of the Democratic National Committee, Democratic members of Congress, Democratic governors, and distinguished party leaders, including former presidents and vice presidents. All superdelegates were free to support any presidential candidate of their choosing at the Democratic National Convention. In California's Democratic primary— which took place on June 7, — pledged delegates were at stake, more than any other state in the Democratic nominating season.
California's delegate haul represented almost 20 percent of the 2, delegates needed to secure the Democratic nomination and almost 12 percent of the 4, pledged delegates up for grabs in Polling from March and April showed Hillary Clinton with a lead in California over rival Bernie Sanders , ranging from six to 14 points.
In , Clinton won the state over Barack Obama 52 to 43 percent. California's pledged delegates were allocated on a proportional basis. California's 73 superdelegates were not required to adhere to the results of the June 7 primary election.
California had delegates at the Democratic National Convention. Of this total, were pledged delegates. National party rules stipulated how Democratic delegates in all states were allocated.
Pledged delegates were allocated to a candidate in proportion to the votes he or she received in a state's primary or caucus. A candidate was eligible to receive a share of the state's pledged delegates if he or she won at least 15 percent of the votes cast in the primary or caucus. There were three types of pledged Democratic delegates: congressional district delegates, at-large delegates, and party leaders and elected officials PLEOs. Congressional district delegates were allocated proportionally based on the primary or caucus results in a given district.
At-large and PLEO delegates were allocated proportionally based on statewide primary results. Seventy-five party leaders and elected officials served as unpledged delegates. These delegates were not required to adhere to the results of a state's primary or caucus. Barbara Boxer News Feed. What's on my ballot? Elections in How to vote How to run for office Ballot measures. Who represents me?
President U. Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Share this page Follow Ballotpedia.
What's on your ballot? Jump to: navigation , search. This page was current at the end of the official's last term in office covered by Ballotpedia.
Please contact us with any updates. Democratic Party. To view the full congressional electoral history for Barbara Boxer, click [show] to expand the section. To view the breakdown of campaign funding by type click [show] to expand the section. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
If you think we made an error in identifying superdelegates, please send an email to editor ballotpedia. If we were unable to find a public statement that clearly articulated which candidate the superdelegate supported at the national convention, we listed that superdelegate as "unknown. California's current delegation to the United States Congress.
Dianne Feinstein D. Alex Padilla D. District 1. Jared Huffman D. John Garamendi D. Tom McClintock R. Mike Thompson D. Jay Obernolte R. Jerry McNerney D. Mark DeSaulnier D. Barbara Lee D. Jackie Speier D. Eric Swalwell D. Jimmy Panetta D. David Valadao R. Kevin McCarthy R. Salud Carbajal D. Julia Brownley D. Grace Napolitano D. Young Kim R. Lucille Roybal-Allard D. Maxine Waters D. Alan Lowenthal D. Michelle Steel R. Democratic Party Categories : Hillary Clinton endorsements by U.
Senators, Pages with broken file links Former member, U. Senate U. The couple has two children. Doug, the elder, is a lawyer and an assistant deputy mayor in Los Angeles. The same year she was married, a professor sexually harassed her—something she did not publicly disclose until the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings that brought her national attention.
In , she organized tenants in her Brooklyn apartment complex to persuade a recalcitrant landlord to make necessary improvements. After graduating from Brooklyn College in with a major in economics, Boxer hoped to become a stockbroker in order to put her husband through law school. No firm would hire her, so she had to study for the required exam while serving as a secretary. She was then able to ply her trade on Wall Street for three years.
The war in Vietnam and the assassinations of catalyzed her politicization. Boxer ran for political office for the first time in , losing a race for the Marin County Board of Supervisors. She became a member of the Board of Supervisors in after working as a journalist and a congressional aide. She went on to be the first female president of the Board of Supervisors in and was then elected to Congress the following year.
In her decade in the House of Representatives, Boxer specialized in feminist issues, particularly abortion rights, and in exposing waste in defense spending. She took a strong stand in favor of public hearings in the ethics case against Senator Bob Packwood, again demonstrating her commitment to feminist causes in general and making sexual harassment a visible political issue in particular.
Indeed, Strangers in the Senate does not refer to her Judaism at all. In many ways a classic Marin County liberal committed to individual liberties and government action on behalf of the underprivileged, Boxer is outside the national political mainstream. Kreutzer, David, and Kevin D. Rinehart, Sue Tolleson.
Routledge,
0コメント